Res 0157-2018

By Council Member Dromm Whereas, The American Psychological Association (APA) defines a mental disorder as a "a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning"; and Whereas, Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and other orientations are not mental disorders; and Whereas, Homosexuality has been documented in many different cultures and historical eras; and Whereas, Findings by the APA reveal that the longstanding consensus of the health and mental health professions is that homosexuality is a normal and positive variation of human sexual orientation; and Whereas, Research by the APA shows that gay men, lesbians, and bisexual individuals form stable, committed relationships and form families that are equivalent to heterosexual relationships and families in essential respects; and Whereas, Therapies aimed at changing sexual orientation are referred to as curative, reparative, or conversion therapy; and Whereas, Currently, minors can be forced to undergo conversion therapy by their parents and ministers who refuse to accept that they are gay; and Whereas, A common technique used in curative therapies involves tying homosexual desires to emotional wounds in early childhood and, in some cases, to early sexual abuse; and Whereas, According to the APA, all major national mental health organizations have officially expressed concerns about therapies promoted to modify sexual orientation; and Whereas, For example, the American Psychoanalytic Association believes that efforts to repair an individual's sexual orientation are against the fundamental principles of psychoanalytic treatment and often result in substantial psychological pain; and Whereas, The promotion of curative therapies reinforces stereotypes and contributes to a negative climate for the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community; and Whereas, The Human Rights Campaign, the nation's largest LGBT rights organization, has reported significant evidence of harm to LGBT youth resulting from attempts to change their sexual orientation; and Whereas, For example, LGBT youth whose families reject their sexual orientation are eight times more likely to have attempted suicide, six times more likely to report high levels of depression, three times more likely to use illegal drugs, and three times more likely to be at high risk for HIV and STDs; and Whereas, An APA task force, Appropriate Therapeutic Responses to Sexual Orientation, released a 2009 report reviewing existing research on the efficacy of reparative therapy and found that there was very little methodologically sound research on sexual orientation change efforts and that it is unlikely these efforts would be able to reduce same-sex attraction; and Whereas, The APA task force concluded that sexual orientation change efforts can pose critical health risks to lesbian, gay, and bisexual people, including confusion, depression, guilt, helplessness, hopelessness, and a feeling of being dehumanized; and Whereas, According to the APA, beneficial responses by a therapist treating an individual who is troubled about his or her same-sex attraction include helping that person cope with social prejudice against homosexuality, and successfully resolving issues associated with and resulting from internal conflicts; and Whereas, Furthermore, mental health professional organizations, such as the APA, call on their members to respect a person's right to self-determination; be sensitive to a client's race, culture, ethnicity, age, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, religion, socioeconomic status, language, and disability status when working with that client; and eliminate biases based on these factors; and Whereas, In November 2017, the Council passed Int. No. 1650, which prohibited any person from charging consumers for services intended to change a person's sexual orientation or gender identity; and Whereas, California became the first state in the nation to enact legislation that would prohibit dangerous and discredited efforts by licensed mental health providers to change the sexual orientation of minor patients; and Whereas, This ban was upheld by the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in 2013 and again in 2016 with the U.S. Supreme Court declining to hear both cases; and Whereas, The law provides that any sexual orientation change efforts attempted on a patient under 18 years of age by a mental health professional shall be considered unprofessional conduct and shall subject the provider to discipline by the provider's licensing entity; and Whereas, Penalties for misconduct could range from temporary censorship and reprimand to the revoking of a license, up to $10,000 in fines and community service; and Whereas, New York State should not permit licensed mental health professionals to practice therapies that have been proven harmful and should take action to prohibit these harmful and discriminatory practices; now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the Council of the City of New York calls upon the New York State Legislature to pass and the Governor to sign legislation which designates as professional misconduct, engaging in sexual orientation change efforts by mental health care professionals upon patients under 18 years of age. CP LS 897/Res. 130/2014 LS 1118 12/27/2017